Apache Tuning
In these days, I managed some server. When I monited the web performance, I feel the web response is very slow, even it is no response. So I try to tun the performance for Apache.
Include the mpm worker module
Apache 2.0 improved the performance and added many new functions than Apache 1.3. In my tuning, I add the mpm_worker for Apache 2. It is very important to add the --with-mpm=worker attribute.
| steven $ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/httpd --enable-isapi --enable-file-cache --enable-echo --disable-charset-lite --enable-charset-lite --enable-cache --enable-disk-cache --enable-mem-cache --enable-example --enable-case-filter --enable-case-filter-in --enable-dumpio --enable-auth-ldap --enable-ext-filter --enable-deflate --enable-log-forensic --enable-logio --enable-mime-magic --enable-headers --enable-proxy --enable-proxy-connect --enable-proxy-ftp --enable-proxy-http --enable-ssl --enable-optional-hook-export --enable-optional-hook-import --enable-optional-fn-import --enable-http --enable-cgi --enable-cgid --enable-speling --enable-rewrite --enable-so --with-suexec-uidmin --with-suexec-gidmin --with-suexec-logfile --with-suexec-safepath --enable-static-htpasswd --enable-static-htdigest --enable-static-rotatelogs --enable-static-logresolve --with-mpm=worker |
Make your machine to work hard.
A high class hardware, you must tun it to have high performance. In the talbe, the configuration can allow 5,000 connections in a time.
root # vi /usr/local/httpd/conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf |
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The tips for mpm worker, you can read the Apache Document for more information.
Do not wait!
Of course, I recommend you cna turn off the DNS resolving function, adjust the MaxKeepAliveRequests value up, and set the Timeout value down.
| root # vi /usr/local/httpd/conf/extra/httpd-default.conf ------------------------------------------------------- # Set the timeout in 60 seconds. Timeout 60 # Turn on the KeepAlive KeepAlive On MaxKeepAliveRequests 5000 KeepAliveTimeout 3 # Turn off the DNS resolve HostnameLookups Off ------------------------------------------------------- root # |
In my case, these servers are serving the education and government units, so the network is not in my consider. The important thing is how do I make the servers can serve more connections at one time. So, in this articale, I won't discuss the network bandwidth.
Come closer your CPU
If your Linux box is supporting a service, you can try to turn the nice value to high. I think the hardware resources must set to Apache if the box is only serving a service.
You can tun the nice value from -20 to +19. If you do not adjust the nice value, It will set to 0 in default.
Setting the nice value to -10 when at start apache.
| root # nice -10 /usr/local/httpd/bin/apachectl start & |
If Apache is running, use renice command to re-set the nice value.
Find the apache's PID and re-set the nice value.
| root # netstat -ntulp | grep httpd tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 19249/httpd root # renice -10 19249 |
You can use top and find the nice value in NI field.
Turn off the unnecessary services
Turn off the unnecessary services to release more resources. Most system installers will install full packages when installation time. We can control which services to start at booting.
If you have Fedora/Redhat Linux OS, you can use chkconfig to show which services that start at boot time.
| root $ chkconfig --list ~ Ignore ~ rawdevices 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:on 5:on 6:off acpid 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off ipchains 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:off 4:on 5:on 6:off iptables 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:off 4:on 5:on 6:off crond 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off anacron 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off lpd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:off 4:on 5:off 6:off xfs 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:off 4:on 5:on 6:off ntpd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off portmap 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:on 5:on 6:off xinetd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off autofs 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:on 5:on 6:off nfs 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off nfslock 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:on 5:off 6:off identd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off ~ Ignore ~ root # |
If your Linux box is only serving the web service. In recommend is turn off other unnecessary services, especially the SQL service.
Do not start MySQL service at booting time.
| root # chkconfig mysqld off |
If MySQL is running, and you want to turn off it.
| root # service mysqld stop OR root # /etc/init.d/mysqld stop |
Reference
This articale is my note that in this case. There are many focus that I have not discuss. If you have any ideas about tuning apache, you can send a mail to me, and welcome to point my warning.
Lists in Reference:
01/20/2007